Knowledge branch 07 · Seminars 13-14

Consumer guarantees - goods

Consumer Guarantees：Goods

Coverage and protected persons

适用范围与受保护人

ENGLISH

The goods guarantees apply where goods are supplied to a consumer. Most quality guarantees also require supply in trade or commerce, and genuine auctions exclude many guarantees. Rights can extend beyond the purchaser to a gift recipient, while some direct manufacturer claims protect an affected person.

中文解释

商品保证适用于向consumer供应goods的情形。多数质量类保证还要求供应发生在trade or commerce中，真正的拍卖会排除多项保证。权利可从购买人延伸至gift recipient；部分直接针对manufacturer的请求还保护affected person。

There are 13 consumer guarantees in total: 9 for goods and 4 for servicesConsumer guarantees合计13项：商品9项、服务4项
Private sales may retain title-related guarantees but usually lack trade-or-commerce quality guarantees私人出售可能仍有所有权类保证，但通常不适用要求商业行为的质量保证
Promotional gifts supplied for business purposes can still be a statutory supply出于商业推广目的赠送的商品仍可能构成法定supply

Title, possession and securities - ss 51-53

所有权、安宁占有与权利负担 - ss 51-53

ENGLISH

The supplier guarantees a right to dispose of the goods, undisturbed possession and freedom from undisclosed securities, charges or encumbrances. These guarantees protect the legal title and enjoyment of the goods and have distinct rules for disclosed interests, hire and limited-title transactions.

中文解释

供应商保证有权处分商品、消费者可安宁占有，并且商品不存在未披露的担保权、费用或负担。这些保证保护商品的法律所有权及使用，并对已披露权益、租赁及有限所有权交易设有特别规则。

Acceptable quality - s 54

可接受质量 - s 54

ENGLISH

Goods are of acceptable quality if a fully acquainted reasonable consumer would regard them as fit for common purposes, acceptable in appearance and finish, free from defects, safe and durable. The standard is contextual and takes account of the nature and price of the goods, packaging or label statements, supplier and manufacturer representations and other circumstances.

中文解释

如果一个充分了解情况的合理消费者认为商品适合通常用途、外观与做工可接受、无缺陷、安全且耐用，则达到acceptable quality。该标准依语境判断，需考虑商品性质和价格、包装或标签陈述、供应商及制造商陈述以及其他情况。

No failure for a defect specifically drawn to the consumer's attention购买前被明确提示的缺陷通常不构成违反
No protection for damage caused by abnormal use消费者异常使用造成的损害不受保护
A reasonable pre-purchase examination may exclude an obvious defect合理购买前检查本应发现的明显缺陷可能被排除
Rasell and Bonomo show that appearance and representations matter even where goods functionRasell及Bonomo表明即使商品能使用，外观及陈述仍很重要

Purpose, description and sample - ss 55-57

用途、描述与样品 - ss 55-57

ENGLISH

Goods must be reasonably fit for a purpose disclosed to the supplier, negotiator or manufacturer where reliance is reasonable; correspond with the description on which the acquisition was based; and correspond with a sample or demonstration model, with a reasonable opportunity to compare and no hidden defect making the goods unacceptable.

中文解释

在消费者向supplier、negotiator或manufacturer披露用途并进行合理依赖时，商品须合理适合该用途；商品还须符合购买所依据的描述，并与样品或展示模型一致，消费者应有合理比较机会且不存在使商品不合格的隐藏缺陷。

A consumer can rely on a description even after inspecting or selecting displayed goods即使检查或从展示商品中选择，消费者仍可能依赖描述
Beale v Taylor - goods need not be defective to fail correspondence with descriptionBeale v Taylor - 商品即使功能无缺陷，也可能不符合描述
No s 55 protection where there was no reliance or reliance was unreasonable不存在依赖或依赖不合理时，s 55不适用

Repairs, spare parts and express warranties - ss 58-59

维修、零件与明示保证 - ss 58-59

ENGLISH

Manufacturers must take reasonable action to ensure repair facilities and spare parts remain reasonably available for a reasonable period unless clear written notice is given before supply. Suppliers and manufacturers must comply with their own express warranties. Expiry of a voluntary written warranty does not end the statutory guarantees.

中文解释

除非在供应前作出清楚书面通知，manufacturer必须采取合理措施，确保在合理期间内可合理获得维修设施和零件。Supplier及manufacturer均须履行自己作出的express warranty。自愿书面保修到期不会终止法定consumer guarantees。

Manufacturers bear direct guarantees corresponding to acceptable quality, description, repairs/spares and express warrantiesManufacturer直接承担与acceptable quality、description、repairs/spares及express warranties对应的保证
ACL s 64 generally prevents exclusion of guarantees and remediesACL s 64原则上禁止排除保证及救济
Section 64A may allow fair and reasonable limitation for non-household goodss 64A可能允许对非家用商品作公平合理的责任限制