← Back to mind map

Knowledge branch 04 · Seminar 7

Unconscionability, harassment and coercion

不当得利、压迫与胁迫

Unwritten-law unconscionability - s 20

衡平法显失公平 - s 20

01

ENGLISH

Section 20 picks up the equitable doctrine. The claimant ordinarily identifies a special disadvantage affecting the weaker party's ability to make a worthwhile judgment, knowledge of that disadvantage by the stronger party, and unconscientious exploitation or victimisation. Mere inequality, poverty or a hard bargain is not enough.

中文解释

s 20承接衡平法上的显失公平原则。通常需要证明弱势方存在影响其作出有效判断的特殊不利处境，强势方知道该处境，并进行了违背良知的利用或侵害。单纯不平等、贫困或强硬议价并不足够。

  • Commercial Bank v Amadio - special disadvantage and knowing exploitationCommercial Bank v Amadio - 特殊不利处境与明知利用
  • Thorne v Kennedy - pressure, vulnerability and relationship contextThorne v Kennedy - 压力、脆弱性及关系背景
  • Stubbings v Jams - asset-based lending and deliberate insulation from knowledgeStubbings v Jams - 资产型贷款及刻意隔绝信息

Statutory unconscionability - ss 21-22

法定显失公平 - ss 21-22

02

ENGLISH

Section 21 is not confined by the equitable doctrine and permits a broader evaluation of conduct connected with the supply or acquisition of goods or services in trade or commerce. The court considers the totality of conduct and may use the non-exhaustive s 22 factors.

中文解释

s 21不受衡平法门槛限制，可更广泛评价与trade or commerce中的商品或服务供应/取得有关的行为。法院考察整体行为，并可参考s 22所列的非穷尽因素。

  • Relative bargaining strength and unnecessary conditions相对议价能力及不必要条件
  • Ability to understand documents and the use of undue influence or pressure理解文件的能力以及不当影响或压力
  • Price, available alternatives and willingness to negotiate价格、替代选择及是否愿意协商
  • Consistency, disclosure and good faith行为一致性、披露及善意
  • ASIC v Kobelt, ASIC v NAB and Productivity Partners v ACCC illustrate the demanding totality assessmentASIC v Kobelt、ASIC v NAB及Productivity Partners v ACCC展示了整体性判断

Harassment and coercion - s 50

骚扰与胁迫 - s 50

03

ENGLISH

Section 50 prohibits physical force, undue harassment and coercion in connection with payment for or the supply or possible supply of goods or services. It can overlap with ss 18 and 21 but has its own focus on illegitimate pressure, threats or persistent conduct that overbears practical choice.

中文解释

s 50禁止在商品或服务的付款、供应或可能供应过程中使用暴力、过度骚扰或胁迫。它可以与ss 18和21重叠，但重点在于非法压力、威胁或持续行为是否压倒了当事人的实际选择。

  • The protection is not confined to household goods or individual consumers保护不限于家用商品或个人消费者
  • Pressure on a third person can be relevant to coercion针对第三人的压力也可能构成相关胁迫
  • Section 168 contains the corresponding offences 168规定了相应刑事罪名